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State herp calendar

Reptiles and Amphibians of California

California has a little of everything, from wet redwood coast to low desert. Western Fence Lizards are the most-reported herp by a wide margin. The winter rains bring out California Newts and slender salamanders, and May is the busiest month overall. Several rattlesnakes live here, but the Western Rattlesnake is the one most people meet.

112 species12 ecoregions7 venomous

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Species out across California, by group and month

Group
Snakes9273337383837383632238
Lizards172733373838363635322213
Turtles224443333222
Frogs and Toads79991111111110977
Salamanders2020191813107710182020

Numbers = species active that month (at peak or just starting / winding down).

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Ecoregions of California

Seasons shift a lot between California's ecoregions. Pick the one nearest you for a 12-month calendar of what's out.

California Coast Ranges and Foothills

41 species

Oak woodland and chaparral where newts walk to breeding ponds in the winter rains.

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Central California Valley

19 species

Farm country and river corridors where fence lizards and chorus frogs hang on.

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Southern California Mountains

34 species

Chaparral and pine mountains where lizards bask and rattlesnakes hunt.

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Southern California Coast

52 species

Coastal sage scrub and cities with fence lizards and a lot of introduced species.

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Sierra Nevada

30 species

Granite mountains where fence lizards, newts and garter snakes follow the snowmelt.

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Klamath Mountains

28 species

Rugged, mixed forest where fence lizards, ensatinas and rattlesnakes overlap.

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Mojave Desert

39 species

Creosote desert where chuckwallas, horned lizards and several rattlesnakes live.

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Sonoran Desert

69 species

Saguaro desert with the longest lizard list and the most rattlesnakes.

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Pacific Northwest Coast

42 species

Rainforest coast where salamanders and chorus frogs are active through the wet winter.

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Cascades

29 species

Cool mountain forests and lakes, best for frogs, newts and garter snakes.

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Eastern Cascades and Blue Mountains

18 species

Pine forest and sagebrush where fence lizards and gopher snakes like the heat.

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Great Basin

28 species

Sagebrush desert where lizards rule and rattlesnakes den in the rocks.

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Venomous here: Mojave Rattlesnake, Panamint Rattlesnake, Red Diamond Rattlesnake, Sidewinder, Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake, Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, Western Rattlesnake. Don't handle any snake you can't identify.

About California

When are reptiles and amphibians most active in California?

May is the busiest month in California, with 80 species at peak activity. At least half of the area's species are active from January through November.

What reptiles and amphibians live in California?

112 species have enough iNaturalist records to show here: 38 lizards, 38 snakes, 21 salamanders, 11 frogs and toads, and 4 turtles. The most-reported are the Western Fence Lizard, Common Side-blotched Lizard, and Pacific Chorus Frog.

Are there venomous snakes in California?

Yes. The Western Rattlesnake, Red Diamond Rattlesnake, Southwestern Speckled Rattlesnake, Sidewinder, Mojave Rattlesnake, Panamint Rattlesnake, and Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake live here. Don't handle them.

Which reptiles and amphibians in California are introduced?

The Pond Slider, American Bullfrog, Green Anole, and Mediterranean House Gecko are not native here.

Where does this data come from?

Activity calendars are built from iNaturalist research-grade observations (downloaded through GBIF, September 2026), corrected for how many people are out observing each month. Rare and protected species are left off on purpose.